Vaccines and Advances: Carbohydrate Synthesis

Abstract

Vaccines have been extremely important in the avoidance of certain diseases, but even then pathogens have continued to evolve and become resistant to vaccines and various types of antibiotics and other drugs. This is in part due to the environment of the disease and also co-evolution and adaption, but there are issues with the types of vaccines and how they are delivered to the immune system. Some invoke a stronger immune system, and others remain weak and possibly risky. What scientists are coming to realize is that vaccines and antibiotics are possibly impressing selection on dangerous pathogens and are, in due course, causing treatments to be ineffective. Pathogens are becoming less treatable.