Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Hemodialysis effects on Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Abstract

ABSTRACT:

The question at hand is what is a leading problem for Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)? The proposition is that there are mitochondrion abnormalities in skeletal muscle, as well as dysfunctional mitochondria. 27 varying subjects broken up into, 17 controls and 10 with stage 5 of CKD on hemodialysis, were tested for mitochondrial volume density, mitochondrial DNA copy number, PGC1α protein expression, and BNIP3. These tests were facilitated for the purpose of discovering if mitochondrial function and structure worsens with the severity of CKD. “Muscle biopsies from patients with CKD stage 5 revealed lower mitochondrial volume density and lower mtDNA copy number.” (Gamboa; pg 9). These results are important because it shows that mitochondria are a contributing factor to the severity of CKD, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction to be precise. “The mitochondrial abnormalities that are common in skeletal muscle from patients with stage 5 CKD can possibly explain why this muscle dysfunction is associated with sarcopenia and frailty.” Continuing studies are highly crucial to assess mitochondrial function and structure in patients with varying stages of CKD.